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Botox®
Botulinum Toxin
Botox® is a toxin produced by a bacteria called botulinum.
Although in very large doses it can cause botulism, Botox® is safe in the doses
used for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes. It has been used safely for decades
all over the world.
Botulinum toxin treatment was originally introduced to treat muscle spasms,
including blepharospasm (spasms of the eyelids), strabismus (squint),
cervical dystonia (torticollis of the neck) and spasticity due to cerebral palsy or other muscular diseases.
In patients treated for facial spasms it was noted that facial wrinkling
decreased over the treated muscle. This experience lead to the development
of botulinum toxin for the treatment of dynamic facial wrinkles.
People often dislike their central scowl lines (called glabellar lines),
which are caused by the corrugator and procerus muscles contracting when concentrating,
squinting, or frowning. Botulinum toxin injections into these muscles weaken them and
successfully reduce the prominence of the line.
Common Side Effects of Botox
Botox has been studied in clinical trials. In these studies, the side effects that occur in a group
of people taking the drug are documented and are then compared to side effects that occur in another group
of people not taking the medicine. This way, it is possible to see what side effects occur, how often they appear,
and how they compare to the group not taking the medicine.
In studies of Botox for cosmetic use, common side effects included
Droopy eyelids -- in up to 3 percent of people
Nausea -- up to 3 percent
Muscle weakness -- up to 2 percent
Facial pain -- up to 2 percent
Indigestion or heartburn -- up to 1 percent
Tooth problems -- up to 1 percent
High blood pressure (hypertension) -- up to 1 percent.
In studies of Botox for treating medical conditions rather than for cosmetic purposes,
the following common Botox side effects were reported:
Droopy eyelids -- in up to 20.8 percent of people
Difficulty swallowing -- up to 19 percent
Vertical misalignment of the eye (vertical deviation) -- up to 16.9 percent
Upper respiratory infection (such as the common cold) -- up to 12 percent
Neck pain -- up to 11 percent
Headache -- up to 11 percent.
Other common side effects (occurring in 2 to 10 percent of people) included:
Cough
Flu-like symptoms, such as a fever and chills
Back pain
Runny or stuffy nose
Dizziness
Soreness at the injection site
Weakness
Dry mouth
Drowsiness
Bleeding at the injection site
Infection
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